The stunning Cathedral of Orvieto, is one of the greatest Italian
masterpieces dating back to medieval age. The Duomo, titled to Our
Lady of the Assumption, was built in the course of more centuries, from
the XIII to the XVII. Various are the motive of its construction:
political, city planning, social, artistic and not only religious, how
would want the tradition, that tie up the Cathedral to the Eucharistic
miracle happened at Bolsena in 1263. The cathedral of Orvieto is
one of the most beautiful churches in Italy;
Orvieto's Duomo dates back
to the 1290's and was projected by the famous sculptor Arnolfo di Cambio
and later by Lorenzo Maitani. It is of the Gothic style, with three
naves; tripartite faēade and is embellished in its lower portion
with scenes from the Old and New Testaments, and in its upper part with
mosaics and statues of the Blessed Virgin, the Prophets, and the
Apostles . Other works are by famous Tuscan masters
such as Andrea Pisano and Andrea di Cione nicknamed Orcagna to which is
attributed the splendid central rose window. The facade is plenty of
mosaics and on the left spire is the "Marriage of the Virgin", on the
right is the "Presentation of Mary on the Temple", in
the spire over the left portal is the "Baptism of Christ", on the center
"Our Lady of the Assumption" and the "Nativity of Madonna" on the
right. The ancient bronze figures over the bas-reliefs (Angel, Taurus,
Lion and Eagle) symbolize the Four Evangelists, whereas the bas-reliefs
decorating the four massive pillars represent "Stories for the Old
and New Testament" by Lorenzo Maitani and its followers. The marble
statues encircling the rose window feature 3rd, 4th and 5th
C artists. The 1st pillar on the left shows "Stories from the Old
Testament"; the 2nd pillar "Scenes from the Old Testament" reporting to
messianic prophecies; the 3rd pillar "Scenes from the New Testament" ;
the 4th pillar "The Last Judgement". The three bronze doors are a modern
work by Emilio Greco, one of the most famous Italian sculptors of the
20th C.
In the interior, on the left transept, is the Cappella del
Corporale (Chapel of the Blessed Corporal), built to preserve
the blood-stained linen from the Corpus Christi miracle happened
in Bolsena in 1263, with the beautiful silver reliquary dating
back to 1337 by the famous Sienese goldsmith Ugolino di Vieri.
On the right transept is the worldwide famous Cappella di San Brizio
(St. Brizio Chapel), preserving a fresco cycle by Luca Signorelli,
Benozzo Gozzoli and Fra Angelico.
Among the artworks most notable is
the group of the Pietą by Ippolito Scalza, chiselled from a single block
of marble.